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 Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4), also known as adenosine deaminase binding protein or cluster of differentiation 26 (CD26), is a serine exopeptidase able to recognizes an amino acid sequence having proline at the N-terminal penultimate position and inactivate this oligopeptides through the removal of N-terminal proline dipeptides [1, 2].
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 The recent substantial progress in RNA biology underscores the importance of RNA in normal and aberrant cellular functions. Rather, it is now recognized that RNA is essential for transcriptional regulation, translational regulation, protein function, and catalysis, responsibilities that have classically been reserved for proteins.
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 Hsp90 (heat shock protein 90) is a highly abundant and ubiquitous molecular chaperone which plays an important role in the folding of newly synthesized proteins or stabilizing and refolding denatured proteins after stress. Its expression is associated with many types of tumors including breast cancer, pancreatic carcinoma, human leukemia and others.
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 The current produced by hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels (termed If, cardiac pacemaker “funny” current, and Ih in neurons) is also considered a “pacemaker current” because it plays a key role in controlling the rhythmic activity of cardiac pacemaker cells and spontaneously firing neurons.
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 Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) disrupt the movement of calcium (Ca2+) through calcium channels. They are used as antihypertensive drugs, i.e., as medications to decrease blood pressure in patients with hypertension. CCBs are particularly effective against large vessel stiffness, one of the common causes of elevated systolic blood pressure in elderly patients.
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